Spring Boot中Spring MVC的基本配置讲解与实战（包括静态资源配置，拦截器配置，文件上传配置及实战 附源码）
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Spring MVC的定制配置需要配置类实现WebMvcConfigurer接口，并在配置类中使用@EnableWebMvc注解来开启对Spring MVC的配置支持，这样开发者就可以重写接口方法完成常用的配置
静态资源配置
应用程序的静态资源(CSS JS 图片）等需要直接访问，这时需要开发者在配置类重写public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegitry registry)接口方法来实现 部分代码如下
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.InternalResourceViewResolver;
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages={"controller","service"}
public class SpringMVCConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer{
@Bean
}
@Override
public class addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry){
}
}根据上述配置 可以直接访问Web应用目录下html/目录下的静态资源
拦截器配置
Spring的拦截器（Interceptor）实现对每一个请求处理前后进行相关的业务处理，类似于Servlet的过滤器，开发者也可以自定义Spring的拦截器
文件上传配置
文件上传是应用中经常使用的功能，Spring MVC通过配置一个MultipartResolver来上传文件，在Spring MVC的控制器中，可以通过MultipartFile myfile来接收单个文件上传，通过List<MultipartFile>myfiles来接受多个文件上传
下面通过一个实例讲解如何上传多个文件
1：创建Web应用并导入相关的JAR包
创建Web应用ch2_6
2：创建多文件选择页面
在WebContent目录下创建JSP页面multFiles.jsp 具体代码如下
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/multifile" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
选择文件1:<input type="file" name="myfile"> <br>
文件描述1:<input type="text" name="description"> <br>
选择文件2:<input type="file" name="myfile"> <br>
文件描述2:<input type="text" name="description"> <br>
选择文件3:<input type="file" name="myfile"> <br>
文件描述3:<input type="text" name="description"> <br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>效果如下
3：创建POJO类
在src目录下创建pojo包，并创建实体类MultFileDomain 具体代码如下
package pojo;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
public class MultiFileDomain {
private List<String> description;
private List<MultipartFile> myfile;
public List<String> getDescription() {
return description;
}
public void setDescription(List<String> description) {
this.description = description;
}
public List<MultipartFile> getMyfile() {
return myfile;
}
public void setMyfile(List<MultipartFile> myfile) {
this.myfile = myfile;
}
}
4：创建控制器类
src目录下创建controller包 并创建控制器类MutiFilesController 具体代码如下
package controller;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.List;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile;
import pojo.MultiFileDomain;
@Controller
public class MutiFilesController {
// 得到一个用来记录日志的对象，这样打印信息时，能够标记打印的是哪个类的信息
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(MutiFilesController.class);
/**
* 多文件上传
*/
@RequestMapping("/multifile")
public String multiFileUpload(@ModelAttribute MultiFileDomain multiFileDomain, HttpServletRequest request){
String realpath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("uploadfiles");
//上传到eclipse-workspace/.metadata/.plugins/org.eclipse.wst.server.core/tmp0/wtpwebapps/ch2_6/uploadfiles
File targetDir = new File(realpath);
if(!targetDir.exists()){
targetDir.mkdirs();
}
List<MultipartFile> files = multiFileDomain.getMyfile();
for (int i = 0; i < files.size(); i++) {
MultipartFile file = files.get(i);
String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename();
File targetFile = new File(realpath,fileName);
//上传
try {
file.transferTo(targetFile);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
logger.info("成功");
return "showMulti";
}
}
5：创建Web于Spring MVC配置类
Webconfig类代码如下
package config;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRegistration.Dynamic;
import org.springframework.web.WebApplicationInitializer;
import org.springframework.web.context.support.AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet;
public class WebConfig implements WebApplicationInitializer{
@Override
public void onStartup(ServletContext arg0) throws ServletException {
AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext ctx
= new AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext();
ctx.register(SpringMVCConfig.class);//注册Spring MVC的Java配置类SpringMVCConfig
ctx.setServletContext(arg0);//和当前ServletContext关联
/**
* 注册Spring MVC的DispatcherServlet
*/
Dynamic servlet = arg0.addServlet("dispatcher", new DispatcherServlet(ctx));
servlet.addMapping("/");
servlet.setLoadOnStartup(1);
}
}
SpringMVCConfig类代码如下
package config;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ResourceHandlerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver;
@Configuration
@EnableWebMvc
@ComponentScan(basePackages = {"controller","service"})
public class SpringMVCConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
/**
* 配置视图解析器
*/
@Bean
public InternalResourceViewResolver getViewResolver() {
InternalResourceViewResolver viewResolver = new InternalResourceViewResolver();
viewResolver.setPrefix("/WEB-INF/jsp/");
viewResolver.setSuffix(".jsp");
return viewResolver;
}
/**
* 配置静态资源
*/
@Override
public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
registry.addResourceHandler("/html/**").addResourceLocations("/html/");
//addResourceHandler指的是对外暴露的访问路径
//addResourceLocations指的是静态资源存放的位置
}
/**
* MultipartResolver配置
*/
@Bean
public MultipartResolver multipartResolver() {
CommonsMultipartResolver multipartResolver = new CommonsMultipartResolver();
//设置上传文件的最大值，单位为字节
multipartResolver.setMaxUploadSize(5400000);
//设置请求的编码格式，默认为iso-8859-1
multipartResolver.setDefaultEncoding("UTF-8");
return multipartResolver;
}
}
6：创建成功显示页面
在WEB-INF目录下 创建多文件上传成功显示页面showMulti.jsp 代码如下
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<table>
<tr>
<td>详情</td><td>文件名</td>
</tr>
<!-- 同时取两个数组的元素 -->
<c:forEach items="${multiFileDomain.description}" var="description" varStatus="loop">
<tr>
<td>${description}</td>
<td>${multiFileDomain.myfile[loop.count-1].originalFilename}</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
<!-- fileDomain.getMyfile().getOriginalFilename() -->
</table>
</body>
</html>效果如下 当上传文件成功时 详情和文件名有会对应的输出
7：发布并运行应用
发布应用到Tomcat服务器并启动它，然后访问http://localhost:8080/ch2_6/multiFiles.jsp运行多文件选择页面即可